[ effect of aerobic exercise training on visceral adipose tissue aquaporin7 content in rats fed with high fat diet]

Introduction: Aquaporin 7 [AQP7], as a glycerol permeable channel of adipose tissue, plays an important role in controlling triglycerides accumulating in adipose tissue and the development of obesity and its related metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic exercise training on epididymal adipose tissue AQP7 content in rats fed a high fat diet

Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight male Wister rats [4-6 weeks] were randomly divided into two groups: Normal diet [14] and high fat diet [14]. After 10 weeks of feeding with normal or high-fat food, each of the groups were divided into two groups: control [7] and training [7]. Rats in the training groups were subjected to running on the treadmill at a speed of 20 meters per minute for 10 weeks [5 days per week] and their epididymal adipose tissue AQP7 content and insulin were assessed by Elisa. Plasma levels of glucose and lipid profile, as well as insulin resistance index [HOMA-IR] were also measured

Results: Body weight, epididymal fat weight, plasma insulin levels and insulin resistance index increased in rats, fed with a high fat diet [P<0.05]. Epididymal adipose tissue AQP7 content decreased due to compliance with the high fat diet [P=0.003]; however aerobic exercise training increased AQP7 in both normal and high fat diet groups [P= 0.003]. This training program improved plasma levels of glucose, insulin and lipid profiles, as well as HOMA-IR [P<0.05]

Conclusion: These results indicate that aerobic exercise training could improve metabolic status by increasing adipose tissue AQP7 content

[Effects of four week progressive resistance training on plasma FABP4 and lipid profile concentrations in diabetic rats]

FABP4 [A-FABP or aP2] is a member of the fatty acid-binding protein family that plays an essential regulatory role in energy metabolism and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training with progressive load on plasma levels of FABP4 and the lipid profile in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Twenty four male Wister rats [12-14 weeks old] were randomly divided into three groups: Non-diabetic control, diabetic control, and diabetic training. Rats in the diabetic training group were subjected to a resistance training program [3 days/wk, for 4 wk], which consisted of climbing a ladder while carrying a load suspended from the tail. Plasma levels of glucose, FABP4 and lipid profiles, as well as liver cholesterol and triglycerides were measured. Plasma FABP4 concentration in the diabetic control group was significantly lower compared with non-diabetic controls and diabetic training groups respectively, [P=0.016 and P<0.001]. We did not find any significant difference in plasma lipid profiles between the groups. The amount of liver triglycerides in the diabetic training group was significantly lower compared with the non-diabetic control group [P=0.020]. Results indicated that 4 weeks resistance training decreases liver triglycerides, and increases plasma FABP4 concentrations in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Further research is needed to elucidate the physiological significance of circulating FABP4 levels

[ effect of resistance training intensity on serum apoA-I concentration in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats]

Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in persons with type 1 diabetes. Although physical activity has been associated with a reduction in cardiovascular mortality in type 1 diabetes patients, there is limited information available regarding physical activity, resistance in particular, resistance training on the lipid profiles and apolipoprotein A-I [apoA-I] in these patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 4 weeks resistance training on serum lipid profiles and apoA-I levels in type 1 diabetic rats. Thirty-two male Wister rats [290 +/- 20 g] were randomly divided into four groups: Healthy control [C], diabetic controls [DC], diabetic, trained with 50% body mass [DT1], and diabetic, trained with 100% body mass [DT2]. Resistance training consisted of climbing a ladder carrying a load suspended from the tail. After 4 weeks of resistance training, serum lipid profiles, glucose and apoA-I concentrations were measured. At the end of study, we found no significant differences in serum lipid profiles and glucose concentrations between the diabetic groups. In the DT2 group, serum apoA-I levels significantly increased, compared with the C and DC groups [P<0.001 and P=0.023, respectively]. Serum apoA-I concentrations, in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats, are increased by resistance training, the alterations being affected by its intensity, without any significant changes in their lipid profiles

[ effect of 4 weeks resistance training on serum Vaspin, Il-6, CRP and TNF-alpha concentrations in diabetic rats]

Vaspin is a novel adipokine that potentially improves insulin sensitivity. However, there is limited information available regarding the effect of exercise training on serum vaspin concentrations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance training on serum vaspin levels and some inflammatory markers in diabetic status. Thirty six male Wister rats [288 +/- 22 g] were randomly divided into four groups: Non-diabetic control, non-diabetic trained, diabetic control and diabetic trained. The exercise groups were subjected to a resistance training program with the use of a ladder [3 days/wk, for 4 wk]. Body weight, serum vaspin, C-reactive protein [CRP], interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha and fasting glucose were measured. Four weeks resistance exercise training in nondiabetic rats decreased serum vaspin levels significantly, while in the trained diabetic group, serum vaspin levels increased significantly when compared with the diabetic sedentary group. The resistance training programme did not however change TNF-alpha, IL-6 and glucose concentrations. A decrease in CRP was observed in both the resistance trained groups when compared with their control groups. We found that resistance training exercise programmes affected the serum vaspin response of diabetic and non-diabetic groups of rats differently. However further research is warranted in order to unravel the molecular mechanism for the range of responses and the role of serum vaspin. Decreased levels of CRP may also be indicative of the possible effect of resistance training to modulate pro-inflammatory parameters linked to diabetes